Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals a Novel GATA2 Mutation in Lower-Grade Glioma: Bioinformatics Analysis of Functional and Therapeutic Implications

Background/Objectives: Lower-grade gliomas, particularly IDH-mutant astrocytomas, represent a distinct molecular subtype with unique therapeutic challenges. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) plays a crucial role in uncovering genetic alterations that drive glioma pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance. This study identifies and evaluates a novel GATA2 p.Arg396Trp mutation in a clinical sample of lower-grade glioma, assessing its structural impact and implications for drug binding. Methods: A WHO Grade II astrocytoma specimen from a 33-year-old female patient was analyzed using WGS with Oxford Nanopore sequencing, followed by comprehensive bioinformatics processing to identify genomic variants. The GATA2 p.Arg396Trp mutation was evaluated using protein modeling, structural analysis, and pathogenicity prediction tools. Drug affinity analysis was conducted using molecular docking simulations to assess the computational impact of the mutation on drug binding. Results: The GATA2 p.Arg396Trp mutation was identified as a computationally predicted pathogenic variant, potentially disrupting protein interactions within critical functional domains. Structural analysis revealed altered binding dynamics with key anti-neoplastic agents, suggesting potential implications for therapeutic response. These findings represent computational predictions requiring experimental validation. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest a potential role of the GATA2 p.Arg396Trp mutation in lower-grade glioma pathogenesis. The mutation predicted impact on transcriptional regulation and drug affinity suggests GATA2 as a possible biomarker candidate. Extensive experimental validation in larger patient cohorts is needed to establish clinical relevance and explore targeted therapeutic strategies.